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本期嘉宾：TheodoreRappaport

NYUWireless创始总监、纽约大学电气与计算机工程系教授

运营商与设备供应商争相布局5G

金融界：5G标准的竞赛是过去几年世界所讨论的事情，在您看来，有没有公司或国家领跑竞争？

Theodore Rappaport：美国，亚洲和欧洲有许多全球运营商正在加大对5G安装和服务的研发力度，同时许多设备公司正在大力投资，引领潮流。我相信高通公司是5G技术的全球领导者，三星和华为在5G方面也非常强势。设备供应商中，诺基亚、爱立信、索尼和Oppo等也在为5G开发值得期待的新产品和新应用。像UMC这样的芯片公司正在生产将用于5G手机和基站的新芯片。

光纤传输或使手机平板取代其他设备

金融界：5G被广泛认为是世界生产力和创造的下一个重点，将改变哪些行业，又将塑造哪些新行业？

Theodore Rappaport：由于5G将为未来的手机用户提供光纤传输速度，未来的应用将发展到何等令人惊叹的程度是无法想象的。医疗保健，工业自动化，旅游和娱乐，车辆技术和社交媒体等领域将逐渐应用这种新能力。在未来，手机将在信息的消费和存储中更加不可或缺，而不断升级的云也会愈加重要。手机或平板电脑等无线设备数量越来越多，将在日常生活中取代笔，纸，电视和个人电脑。

速度竞赛无止，6G性能可期

金融界：在谈论5G时，大多数人都会想到更快的网速，这毋庸置疑。但是，为什么速度很重要？5G足以应对未来的互联网需求吗？还是互联网速度提升将成为一场永无止境的游戏？

Theodore Rappaport：鉴于不断革新的半导体技术展现出了超凡的新计算和通信能力，无线网速的只能在竞争中变得越来越快。根据摩尔定律，集成电路的性能大约每18个月就会翻一番。在NYU WIRELESS， 6G的研究已经开始。我们最近写了一篇愿景文章，展示了10到15年内无线技术如何能够远程传输人脑的计算能力，这意味着人类速度的计算可以在低功耗远程平台实现，这可能应用于未来的机器人和自动驾驶汽车中。

（链接：https：//ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8732419）

毫米波频谱首次开放为推动大规模产业升级

金融界：您对5G的个人看法是怎样的？5G是否会像它被报道的那样，会真实地塑造未来？

Theodore Rappaport：我认为5G只是蜂窝通信的新一代技术，将在未来8到10年内发展和成熟，带来应用和产品的革新和生产力的提升，就像之前的4代手机一样。而5G独特新颖、称得上业界飞跃的一点，在于5G首次开放了毫米波频谱。这是全新的无线方案，其中微小的定向可操纵天线将首次用于移动设备的超快速传输；带宽加宽，使无线可以开始取代农村地区老化的铜制设备。NYU WIRELESS在引领全球考虑5G的毫米波方面发挥了先锋作用，我认为6G和7G将继承并优化这些想法，并在毫米波和亚太赫兹频谱方面取得新进展。由于带宽的增加和速度的提高，大数据集成下的生产力提高和产品服务革新将会是我们无法想象的。新的网络架构也会让更大量级的内容和数据传输到用户手机端。未来十年内的手机将可能拥有成像、个人健康监测，空气质量检测及更多的功能。

对话实录

JRJ:The 5G standard competition is something the world is talking about over the past years， in your opinion， is there any company or country leading the race？

Theodore Rappaport：There are many global carriers in the USA， Asia and Europe who are ramping up on the learning curve of 5G installation and services， and many device companies who are investing heavily and leading the way. I believe that Qualcomm is a global leader in 5G technology， and that Samsung and Huawei are also very strong in 5G. I believe that equipment suppliers such as Nokia， Ericsson， Sony and Oppo are developing exciting products and new applications for 5G. Chip companies like UMC are making the new chips that will go in 5G phones and base stations.

JRJ：5G is widely consider to be the next big thing for the world productivity and creation， what industries will be changed and what industries will be created？

Theodore Rappaport：Since 5G will provide fiber optic speeds to the pocket of future cellphone users， we will see amazing new applications that cannot even be envisioned yet. We will see health care， industrial automation， travel and entertainment， vehicular technology， and social media adapt to these new capabilities. The portable cellphone will become more integral in how all of our information is consumed and stored， and the cloud will continue to evolve as more and more vital to our world. More and more， wireless devices such as cellphones or tablets will replace pen and paper and televisions and personal computers in our daily lives.

JRJ：Most people have one thing in mind when talking about 5G — fast internet speed， and they will be right. However， why speed matters？ is 5G enough for all the future internet？or maybe the internet speed raise will become a never-ending game？

Theodore Rappaport：There will always be a race for more speed， faster and wider wireless pipes， as the continuous evolution of semiconductor technology enables amazing new computing and communications capabilities – doubling approximately every 18 months per Moore’s law. At NYU WIRELESS， we are already working on 6G， and recently wrote a vision paper that shows how wireless in 10-15 years may be able to transmit the computing power of the human brain remotely， meaning that human-speed computations could be done in low power remote platforms， perhaps for robots and autonomous vehicles of the future （Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8732419）

JRJ： What is your personal view on 5G， is this the real thing that shape the future like it’s called out to be？

Theodore Rappaport：I think 5G is just another technology generation of cellular communications， will evolve and mature within the coming 8-10 years， and will enable new applications and products and more productivity enhancement， just as the previous 4 generations of cellphones have done.

What is especially novel， and a leap for the industry， is that 5G is the first time we are opening up the millimeter wave spectrum， which is the start of completely new approaches to wireless where tiny directional steerable antennas will be used to provide super-fast transmissions to mobile devices for the first time， and where bandwidths become wide enough that wireless can begin to replace aging copper plant in rural areas. NYU WIRELESS played a pioneering role in leading the world to consider millimeter wave for 5G， and I think 6G and 7G will embrace and improve on these ideas and go higher in the millimeter wave and sub-Terahertz spectrum， and we will see vast productivity enhancements and new products and services evolve that are so much more data intensive than we could have ever imagined， simply due to the wider channel bandwidths， faster speeds，and new network architectures that will enable such massive amount of content and data to be delivered to individuals over the cellphone airways. The cellphone in 10 years from now may be used for see-in-the-dark imaging， personal health monitoring， air quality monitoring， and much more.

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