NOAA首次公布的GOES-18(地球静止轨道运行环境卫星)的图像。图片来源:NOAA
01
给海洋“量体温”
怎么这么难?
02
再破纪录!
海洋:我要“燃”起来了
03
海洋变暖
多种生物将面临危机
04
不只是变暖
海洋危机 SOS!
05
碳中和是否能为海洋危机
按下暂停键?
06
结语
参考文献:
[1] Revelle, R., W. Broecker, H. Craig, C. D. Keeling, and J. Smagorinsky (1965), Appendix Y4, in Restoring the Quality of Our Environment—Report of the Environmental Pollution Panel, pp. 112–133, Pres. Sci. Advis. Comm., Washington, D. C.
[2] Levitus, S., J. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, and C. Stephens (2000), Warming of the world ocean, Science, 287, 2225–2229.
[3] Cheng, L., Abraham, J., Trenberth, K.E. et al. Another Year of Record Heat for the Oceans. Adv. Atmos. Sci. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-023-2385-2
[4] Penn JL, Deutsch C, Payne JL, Sperling EA. Temperature-dependent hypoxia explains biogeography and severity of end-Permian marine mass extinction. Science. 2018 Dec 7;362(6419):eaat1327. doi: 10.1126/science.aat1327
[5] Penn JL, Deutsch C. Avoiding ocean mass extinction from climate warming. Science. 2022 Apr 29;376(6592):524-526. doi: 10.1126/science.abe9039
[6] Frölicher, T.L., Fischer, E.M. & Gruber, N. Marine heatwaves under global warming. Nature 560, 360–364 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0383-9
[7] Mei, W., Xie, S., Primeau, F.W., McWilliams, J.C., & Pasquero, C. (2015). Northwestern Pacific typhoon intensity controlled by changes in ocean temperatures. Science Advances, 1.
[8] Gruber N , Clement D , Carter B R , et al. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO 2 from 1994 to 2007[J]. Science, 2019, 363(6432):1193-1199.
[9] Cheng, L., J. Abraham, Z. Hausfather, K. E. Trenberth, 2019: How fast are the oceans warming? Science, 363 (6423), 128-129. doi: 10.1126/science.aav7619.
[10] Meehl, G., Hu, A., Tebaldi, C. et al. Relative outcomes of climate change mitigation related to global temperature versus sea-level rise. Nature Clim Change 2, 576–580 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1529
[11] Nauels, A., Gütschow, J., Mengel, M., Meinshausen, M., Clark, P. U., & Schleussner, C. F. (2019). Attributing long-term sea-level rise to Paris Agreement emission pledges. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(47), 23487–23492. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907461116
[12] WMO Provisional State of the Global Climate 2022
[13] Cheng, L., von Schuckmann, K., Abraham, J.P. et al. Past and future ocean warming. Nat Rev Earth Environ 3, 776–794 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-022-00345-1
[14] Gruber N , Clement D , Carter B R , et al. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO 2 from 1994 to 2007[J]. Science, 2019, 363(6432):1193-1199.
出品:科普中国
作者:半懒不懒(中国科学院大气物理研究所)
监制:中国科普博览