立秋已经过去一个月了

距离秋分还不到20天的的时间

天气也终于开始慢慢由热转凉了

不过在广州，9月就想享受秋天？

不存在的！

这个天气想必离开空调还是没法活了

当代人的命是空调给的

但你有没有想过古人在没有空调的情况下

是如何度过酷热的夏日呢？

前一阵大火的宫廷剧《延禧攻略》里

刚好有一集讲到魏璎珞为了给皇后降暑

自制了“冰鉴”

相当于古代的“电冰箱”

其实除了这种方法

古代人还有很多避暑的妙招

01

Clothes

衣服

Although ancient Chinese fashion tended to be conservative, especially for women, the summer heat could drive anyone mad. To keep cool, women would wear thin, translucent clothes.

尽管在时尚方面，古代中国女性趋向保守。高温天气让人人都很抓狂。为了保持凉爽，古代女性会穿着纤薄、半透明的衣服。

But translucent silk clothes were not just for women, men wore them as well.

不过，半透明的丝绸衣服不仅女性可以穿，男性也可以。

For people living in the middle and lower reaches of the Huanghe River, clothing made of bamboo was popular. The material helped the wearer avoid perspiration.

对于住在黄河中下游的人们来说，竹子制成的衣服在当时十分流行。竹子这种材料能帮助穿衣者避免流汗。

02

Drinks

饮品

People living in intense heat drink a lot of fluids, but for the ancient Chinese, water wasn't exciting enough. So what did they drink and how did they make it cold without electricity?

在炎热天气下，现代人有条件喝各式各样的饮料。但对古代中国来说，光喝水也远远不够刺激。因此，他们喝什么？他们在没有电的情况下如何让水冷却？

Without refrigerators or freezers, natural ice was the key to making cold drinks in ancient China.

在古代中国，既没有冰箱，也没有冷冻库，自然冰是制造冷饮的关键。

Cold drinks were plentiful in the Song dynasty (960 - 1279). In summer, in addition to cold wine, people also enjoyed icy litchi juice and shaved ice.

在宋朝（960-1279），冷饮种类十分丰富。夏日，除了冰酒外，人们还喜欢喝冰镇荔枝汁和刨冰。

It is said that Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368) in China, loved to drink milk, and would add ice to the milk to make it last longer in the summer. He also added preserves and jam to his favorite icy drink, creating the world's first ice cream prototype.

据说中国元朝（1271-1368）开国皇帝忽必烈喜欢喝牛奶，夏天喝时还会往里面加冰，让牛奶保质期延长些。他还喜欢往自己最爱的冷饮里面添加果酱，创造了首个冰淇淋原型。

In order to keep the ice cream production process private, he issued a decree that no one except the royal family could make ice cream. In the 13th century, Italian traveler Marco Polo met Kublai Khan and had the honor of enjoying the royal treat.

为使冰淇淋生产工序不外泄，他颁布了一条法令，不允许皇室意外的其他任何人制作冰淇淋。13世纪，意大利旅行家马克·波罗拜访了忽必烈，因而有幸尝到皇室特供冰淇淋。

After leaving China, Marco Polo brought the technique of making ice cream back to the West. After a few tweaks, he finally made the ice cream we see today.

从中国离开以后，马克·波罗把冰淇淋的生产技术带到了西方。他对这项生产技术做了几处改进，最终生产出了我们今天看到的冰淇淋。

Herbal drinks became popular in Beijing during the Qing dynasty (1644-1912). Along with liquorice, people also drank lotus seed soup, which was believed to clear away internal heat and remove toxins.

草本饮料是在中国古代清朝（1644-1912）年开始流行的。那时，人们也把甘草放在莲子汤中喝，听说这样可以去火排毒。

Empress Dowager Cixi, who controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty from 1861 until her death in 1908, favored an icy plum syrup drink during the scorching summer. It was made of plum juice, sweet osmanthus and hawthorn fruit.

慈禧太后从1861年控制晚清中国政府，直到1908年去世。在这期间，每到炎炎夏日，她都钟爱酸梅汤。酸梅汤由梅汁、香甜的桂花和山楂果制作而成。

Where did they keep ice to prevent it from melting in the summer heat? During the Warring States Period (475–221 BC), ice was kept in a device called “冰鉴(bīng hàn),” which was made of copper and later rosewood.

他们在炎热的夏天如何防止冰融化呢？战国期间（公元前475-221），冰都储藏在一个叫“冰鉴”的设备中，该设备由铜和后来的玫瑰花制成。。

（也就是前面《延禧攻略》里的“冰鉴”）

03

Housing

房屋

For emperors in ancient China, especially during the Qing dynasty, the popular style of architecture made keeping cool an easy task. The Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples in Chengde, Hebei Province, was where emperors during the Qing dynasty spent their scorching summers.

对古代中国皇帝来说，特别是清朝皇帝，这种流行的建筑风格让保持凉爽成为一件轻而易于的事。河北承德避暑山庄及外八庙是清朝皇帝的夏日避暑胜地。

The emperors came to the resort every year in the fourth and fifth lunar months and returned to Beijing in September or October. As a result, the resort was recognized as the second political center outside Beijing.

清朝皇帝每年农历四五月份来此避暑，九月或十月回到北京。结果，承德避暑山庄被认作是除北京外的第二个政治中心。

In addition to the resort, the royal family could also stay cool in the Forbidden City, despite having walls that were too high to allow cool wind to blow in. There were five ice cellars in the Forbidden City intended for storing ice throughout the year. The chambers featured two levels – one above ground and one below – and were located near the rivers inside the Forbidden City.

除了承德避暑山庄，皇室成员也可在紫禁城内避暑，尽管紫禁城高耸的城墙阻挡了凉爽的风吹进城里。紫禁城内有5处地窖，用来整年存冰。地窖有两层，一层地上，一层地下。地窖位于城内河流附近。

In winter, thick ice would be cut from rivers both inside and outside of the Forbidden City and placed inside the ice cellars. No light or heat from outside could enter the cellar, where the temperature would immediately drop as long as ice was stored inside. As many as 5,000 blocks of ice could be contained in each ice cellar, and the doors wouldn't be opened until the next scorching summer.

冬天，专门有人从城内外的河中采集厚厚的冰块，然后放在冰窖内。冰窖内不透光，还隔热。冰块一储藏进来，冰窖内的温度就会直线下降。每个冰窖最多可以储存5,000个冰块。每到酷热的夏天到来时，冰窖的门才会打开。在此之前，冰窖的大门都会牢牢紧闭。

夏天已经过去，秋天默默到来

那么冬天还会远吗

人类的智慧是无穷的

让你回到古代，你打算怎么避暑呢？

文章转自百度翻译，转载请备注

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@WEBi English